| Message: | Spironolactone commonly referred to simply as spiro, and marketed primarily under the brand name Aldactone in most countries, is a synthetic, steroidal antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogen that also has some weak progestogen properties, as well as some indirect estrogen and glucocorticoid effects. It is used primarily as a diuretic and antihypertensive, but may also be employed for the purpose of reducing elevated or unwanted androgen activity in the body. It acts predominantly as an antagonist of the mineralocorticoid (or aldosterone) and androgen receptors, and in relation to its antimineralocorticoid effects, belongs to a class of pharmaceutical drugs known as potassium-sparing diuretics.
Spironolactone is a relatively old drug, having been introduced clinically in 1959. Futterman and Lemberg have predicted that spironolactone will be less commonly used in cardiovascular conditions (e.g., heart failure and hypertension) as the newer agents like the structurally-related compound eplerenone (also an aldosterone antagonist) are more selective and lack many of the side effects and actions of spironolactone that are undesirable in that particular patient population. However, spironolactone remains more widely used as an antiandrogen than eplerenone for patients in whom this effect is a main goal.
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system.
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