| Message: | 1.Prilocaine belongs to amide local anesthetic drug with its anesthesia intensity and speed being similar as lidocaine but with a longer duration period and weaker effect on vasodilation. It has a lower toxicity than lidocaine. It is clinically for local anesthesia, especially suitable for treating patients who are not allowed to use adrenaline.
[Pharmacological] its 3% solution has a similar local anesthesia efficacy as the anesthesia drug of 2% lidocaine together with adrenaline. It has a slow onset time which lasts about 6 ~ 7min and the duration time of about 1.5 ~ 2h. It has a strong penetration capability through mucous membranes. Adrenaline has a slightly prolonged duration of action. PPB is 55% and T1/2 of about 1.5h. It is subject to liver metabolism with its metabolites nitroso toluidine being able to oxidize hemoglobin to form methemoglobin. It can be transported to the fetus through the placenta.
2.It is a kind of needle-like crystals with the melting point being 37-38 ºC and the boiling point being 159-162 ºC (0.133kPa), and refractive index (nD20) being 1.5299. Its hydrochloride ([1786-81-8]) is a white crystalline powder. The Melting point is 167-168 ºC. It is soluble in water and ethanol, slightly soluble in chloroform. It has sour taste and bitter taste and is odorless.
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