| Message: | Local Anesthetic Drugs Lidocaine, also known as xylocaine and lignocaine , is a medication used to numb tissue in a specific area and to treat ventricular tachycardia . It can also be used for nerve blocks . Lidocaine mixed with a small amount of epinephrine is available to allow larger doses to be used as numbing and to make it last longer . When used as an injectable it typically begins working within four minutes and lasts for half an hour to three hours . Lidocaine may also be applied directly to the skin for numbing.
Common side effects with intravenous use include sleepiness, muscle twitching , confusion , changes in vision , numbness , tingling, and vomiting . It can cause low blood pressure and an irregular heart rate.There are concerns that injecting it into a joint can cause problems with the cartilage . It appears to be generally safe for use in pregnancy . A lower dose may be required in those with liver problems . It is generally safe to use in those allergic to tetracaine or benzocaine . Lidocaine is an antiarrhythmic medication of the class Ib type . Lidocaine works by blocking sodium channels and thus decreasing the rate of contractions of the heart . When used locally as a numbing agent, local neurons cannot signal the brain.
Local Anesthetic Drugs Lidocain was discovered in 1946 and went on sale in 1948 . It is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines , the most important medications needed in a basic healthcare system . It is available as a generic medication and is not very expensive . The wholesale cost in the developing world in 2014 was US$0.45 to $1.05 wholesale per 20ml vial of medication . |
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